A contingent of more than 30 military aircraft from Germany, France and Spain arrived in Japan on Friday to conduct a series of training exercises with the Air Self-Defense Force, marking these countries’ first-ever trilateral air force deployment to the Indo-Pacific.

The aircraft’s arrival from Alaska follows their participation in the Arctic Defender aerial combat drills, the first leg of a two-month, trinational Pacific Skies deployment that will also see the German, French and Spanish air forces exercise with regional partners such as Japan, India and Australia.

 

Aimed at improving tactical skills and promoting mutual understanding, the two-day aerial maneuvers beginning Friday highlight the expanding defense ties between Tokyo and key European partners – particularly NATO members – as they align their strategic interests amid shared economic and security concerns.

The ASDF’s drills with France will take in the airspace around Hyakuri Air Base in Ibaraki Prefecture, while those with both Germany and Spain will be held in the airspace around Chitose Air Base in Hokkaido, according to the Defense Ministry.

Both Germany and Spain have sent Eurofighter Typhoons, while France is fielding Rafale jets. They are accompanied by several transport and aerial refueling aircraft as well as several hundred personnel. The ASDF is set to deploy F-2 fighters for its maneuvers with France and F-15s for separate drills with Spain and Germany.

But that’s not all.

From July 22 to 25, the ASDF and the Luftwaffe will hold their first-ever bilateral exercise known as Nippon Skies, in a follow-up to the German air force’s first-ever visit to Japan in 2022.

A Luftwaffe spokesperson told The Japan Times that three of the eight Eurofighter Typhoons will stay at Chitose Air Base to take part in the joint drills, while the rest will fly on to Australia alongside the French and Spanish aircraft for the Pitch Black multilateral exercise.

The Pitch Black drills will also include an ASDF contingent.

These activities will in turn be followed by a separate ASDF exercise with the Italian Air Force called Rising Sun, which is to be held from Aug. 6 to 8 in the airspace around Misawa Air Base, Aomori Prefecture.

These tactical drills will see Italy send transport and early warning aircraft as well as four F-35As and an equal number of Eurofighters, while Japan will field four F-35As and an aerial tanker.

 

A French Rafale fighter jet taxis at Hyakuri Air Base in Ibaraki Prefecture after landing on Friday.
A French Rafale fighter jet taxis at Hyakuri Air Base in Ibaraki Prefecture after landing on Friday. | X / FRENCH AIR AND SPACE FORCE / REMI NAJEAN

“The successive visits to the Indo-Pacific region by the armed forces of these countries are proof of their willingness and ability to engage in the Indo-Pacific region,” Defense Minister Minoru Kihara said last month.

This will “not only improve the Self-Defense Forces’ tactical skills, but also deepen cooperation with other countries and help realize a free and open Indo-Pacific region,” he added.

The rapid succession of bilateral and multilateral military engagements follows ASDF exercises with a growing number of countries last year and comes as Tokyo seeks to enhance ties and deepen interoperability with an expanding network of security partners.

Both Europe and Japan are concerned about what they view as mounting challenges to the international order, including the war in Ukraine, supply chain disruptions and security tensions in East Asia.

This has resulted in a number of European countries intensifying defense, diplomatic and economic security cooperation with not only Japan but also other U.S. regional allies such as South Korea, Australia and the Philippines.

Like Japan, these nations have embraced the argument that the security of Europe is “inseparable” from that of the Indo-Pacific, a claim that has become the rationale behind NATO’s increasingly close ties with its regional partners.